Detailed Notes on CLBO Crystal
Detailed Notes on CLBO Crystal
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On the other hand, so that you can approach the crystal is rather Innovative producing strategies are necessary. For the reason that dawn of the crystal, engaged on this problem, we at the moment are the only enterprise on the planet that can be processed Within this crystal.
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For illustration, The present concave OC could be replaced by a airplane mirror which could mitigate the ability density over the surface area of M1 plus the diamond. What's more, making use of significant hurt threshold coatings for M1 and diamond would also improve the output electricity with no damages. Then, the NIR laser at the 2nd Stokes wavelength could possibly be high adequate, together with its fantastic beam excellent, to make the final DUV laser at 193 nm which has a large average electricity.
However, the beam excellent of this larger energy DUV laser would come to be even worse on account of much more really serious thermal and nonlinear effects. For this reason, the frequency conversion procedures needs to be diligently built to mitigate the aforementioned outcomes. Consequently, a superior-power DUV laser in the FHG of 1 μm with a superb beam excellent could be attained and may be valuable for acquiring the shorter wavelength DUV lasers for example 193 nm by SFG.
Because of the thermal lens effect during the stable-state lasers, When the heating administration is insufficient, it is not uncomplicated to get the solid-point out laser using a higher energy in addition to a substantial beam high quality at the same time. Not long ago, with the development of The skinny disk laser and one-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a higher-electricity laser at the elemental wavelength (one μm) had been realized with a very good beam high quality Despite a TEM00 method beam [four,24], which would be fantastic candidates for the elemental of the DUV laser generation. A further prospect for the fundamental may be the substantial-electric power fiber laser which can be realized by coherent beam blend with M2 price a lot less than one.
On one other aspect, the ability scaling from the NIR laser is another part to improve the common energy of your 193-nm DUV laser. Mainly because of the lack of the significant-electrical power amplification solution with the NIR laser (for example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes like optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could possibly be placed on develop a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the desired wavelength and acquiring relative greater electrical power [21]. Not long ago, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its skill in obtaining a large ability and also a high conversion performance with the 1st Stokes with the 1-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the possibility to generally be applied while in the 193-nm DUV laser era as a consequence of its substantial Raman get and large frequency shift.
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The heartbeat period of the next Stokes light was shortened to five ns as shown in Figure 7a, an individual-shot picture in the click here oscilloscope, and that is a common phenomenon in Raman laser [44] whilst the heart beat duration from the pump laser was 10 ns.
Moreover, combining the sound-state laser with other nonlinear system like stimulated Raman scattering, NIR lasers can be attained at new wavelengths with substantial power and large beam excellent, which was tested through the evidence-of-theory experiment. This Raman laser plan provides a fresh route to the substantial-electric power DUV laser, especially within the wavelength of 193 nm.
The beam profile proven in Figure 7b shown a fantastic beam quality as one of many merits of Raman laser, which would be useful to crank out a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
Its UV absorption edge reaches 180 nm. The successful nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about twice as significant as that of KDP. CLBO crystals might be grown within the stoichiometric melt with lessen viscosity.
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